The barriers to girls’ education
The barriers to education for girls in Kajiado are multi-faceted.
Meeting school-going costs is extremely difficult for communities of nomadic cattle farmers. Their long-standing resilience is being severely threatened as droughts kill off livestock, decimate grazing land, and affect overall biodiversity.
With cattle and income under threat, families suffer food deprivation, as they don’t have subsistence farms to fall back on. Rates of HIV/AIDS and related deaths are alarmingly high, resulting in many children losing one or both parents and girls being left to take care of their siblings. Many girls lack both the financial and psycho-social support they need to stay in school.
Schools are extremely far apart, and students typically need to board because of distance, a lack of passable roads and transport. Day secondary schools face significant challenges due to limited resources and high student enrollment, often resulting in teacher-to-student ratios as high as 1:70 to 1:90—something which the government is seeking to address through an increased investment in teacher recruitment.
In the short to medium term however, the uplift in enrolment places considerable strain on both educators and existing infrastructure, such as classrooms and sanitation facilities. As a result, it becomes difficult for schools to fully address the specific needs of girls—such as menstrual health support and safeguarding—as well as to provide inclusive support for students with special educational needs, especially in the absence of appropriate facilities, supportive learning environments, and specialized training for teachers.
In addition, students from disadvantaged backgrounds often lack role models who have completed their education and gone on to seize leadership or professional opportunities in the community.